Kusiyana pakati pa nitrate ndi nitrite

Kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa nitrate ndi nitrite ndiye kuti nitrate atomu atatu ophatikizidwa ndi atomu a nayitrogen pomwe atomu a nayitrogen pomwe nitte ali ndi atomu awiri ophatikizidwa ndi atomu ya nayitrogeni.
Onse a nitrate ndi nitrite ndi matumbo a zipatso okhala ndi atomu a nayitrogeni ndi oxygen. Onse awiriwa ali ndi magetsi a -1 magetsi. Amapezeka makamaka ngati anion wa mchere. Pali zosiyana zina pakati pa nitrate ndi nitrite; Tikambirana za kusiyana kumeneku m'nkhaniyi.

Kodi nitrate ndi chiyani?

Nitrate ndi anyezi wooneka ngati mapangidwe a mankhwala No3-. Ndi gawo la polytotomic lomwe lili ndi ma atomu 4; atomu imodzi ya nayitrogen ndi ma atomu atatu a oxygen. Anion ali ndi -1 kwathunthu. Ma molar misa ya anion ndi 62 g / mol. Komanso, anion amachokera ku anici acid a conjugate; nitric acid kapena hno3. Mwanjira ina, nitrate ndi conjugate ya nitric acid.

Mwachidule, nitrate ion ili ndi atomu imodzi ya nayitrogen pakati pa maatomu atatu a oxygen kudzera mu coovale yolumikizana ndi mankhwala. Mukamaganizira kapangidwe kake ka inion iyi, ili ndi zitatu zofananamira (malinga ndi zida za anion). Chifukwa chake, geometry ya molekyulu ndi pursara ya Trigonal. Atom aliyense wa oxygen amanyamula ndalama - 2/3, zomwe zimapereka ndalama zonse za anions.

Kupanikizika kokhazikika ndi kutentha, pafupifupi mchere wonsewo ndi mankhwalawa omwe ali ndi anion amasungunuka m'madzi. Titha kupeza mwachilengedwe kupezeka kwa mchere wa nitrate padziko lapansi ngati madongosolo; nitratine masiyidwe. Amakhala ndi sodium nitrate. Kuphatikiza apo, mabakiteriya akusiyidwa amatha kupanga nitrate ion. Chimodzi mwazomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi mchere wa nitrate ndikupanga feteleza. Kuphatikiza apo, ndizothandiza monga wothandizira ochulukitsa ophulika.

Kodi nitrite ndi chiyani?

Nitrite ndi mchere wopanda mafuta wokhala ndi mtundu wa mankhwala No2-. Anion uyu ndi anion a anion, ndipo ili ndi atomu imodzi ya nayirogen yolumikizidwa ku ma atomu awiri a oxygen okhala ndi zingwe ziwiri zomwe sizivuta. Chifukwa chake, atomu wa nayigen ali pakatikati pa molekyulu. Anion ali ndi -1 kwathunthu.

Molar unyinji wa anion ndi 46.01 g / mol. Komanso, anion uyu amachokera ku asidi wa nitrous kapena HNony. Chifukwa chake, ndi Tonjute Brond of Nitrous acid. Chifukwa chake, titha kupanga mchere wa nitrite mafakitale kudzera pakudutsa nitrous fimes hydrooxide Solution. Komanso, izi zimatulutsa sodium nitte yemwe tingayeretse kudzera kubwezeretsanso. Kuphatikiza apo, mchere wa nitrite monga sodium nitrite ndi othandiza pakubwezeretsa chakudya chifukwa zimatha kuchepetsa chakudya kuchokera ku microsi.

Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa nitrate ndi nitrite?

Nitrate ndi anyezi anyezi okhala ndi mankhwala a mankhwala a No3- pomwe nitrite ndi mchere wamchere wokhala ndi mtundu wa mankhwala No2-. Chifukwa chake, kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa nitrate ndi nitrite mabodza pazinthu zamankhwala awiriwa. Ndiye; Kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa nitrate ndi nitrite ndiye kuti nitrate atomu atatu ophatikizidwa ndi atomu a nayitrogen pomwe atomu a nayitrogen pomwe nitte ali ndi atomu awiri ophatikizidwa ndi atomu ya nayitrogeni. Komanso, nitrate ion imachokera ku anici a conjugate acid; Nitric acid, pomwe nitring ion imachokera ku nitrous acid. Monga kusiyana winanso pakati pa ma ion a nitrate ndi nitrite, titha kunena kuti nitrate ndi wothandizira wotsatsa chifukwa amatha kutsika kokha pomwe itting imatha kukhala ngati yochepetsera maxiding ndi kuchepetsa ntchito.