Kusiyana Pakati pa Nitrate ndi Nitrite

Kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa nitrate ndi nitrite ndikuti nitrate imakhala ndi maatomu atatu a okosijeni omangika ku atomu ya nayitrogeni pomwe nitrite imakhala ndi maatomu awiri a okosijeni omangika ku atomu ya nayitrogeni.
Onse nitrate ndi nitrite ndi anions inorganic wopangidwa ndi nayitrogeni ndi maatomu mpweya.Ma anions onsewa ali ndi -1 magetsi.Iwo makamaka zimachitika monga anion wa mchere mankhwala.Pali kusiyana pakati pa nitrate ndi nitrite;tikambirana kusiyana kumeneku m’nkhani ino.

Kodi nitrate ndi chiyani?

Nitrate ndi anion yachilengedwe yokhala ndi mankhwala NO3-.Ndi polyatomic anion yomwe ili ndi ma atomu 4;atomu imodzi ya nayitrogeni ndi ma atomu atatu a okosijeni.Anion ali ndi -1 mtengo wonse.Kulemera kwa molar kwa anion iyi ndi 62 g / mol.Komanso, anion iyi imachokera ku asidi yake ya conjugate;nitric acid kapena HNO3.Mwa kuyankhula kwina, nitrate ndiye maziko a conjugate a nitric acid.

Mwachidule, nitrate ion ili ndi atomu imodzi ya nayitrogeni pakati yomwe imamangiriza ndi maatomu atatu a okosijeni kudzera mu mgwirizano wamankhwala.Poganizira kapangidwe kake ka anion iyi, ili ndi ma bond atatu ofanana NO (malinga ndi mawonekedwe a resonance a anion).Chifukwa chake, ma geometry a molekyulu ndi ma trigonal planar.Atomu iliyonse ya oxygen imakhala ndi − 2⁄3 charge, yomwe imapereka mphamvu yonse ya anion ngati -1.

Pakupanikizika koyenera ndi kutentha, pafupifupi mankhwala onse amchere okhala ndi anion iyi amasungunuka m'madzi.Titha kupeza mchere wa nitrate wopezeka mwachilengedwe padziko lapansi ngati ma depositi;ma depositi a nitratine.Nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi sodium nitrate.Komanso, mabakiteriya a nitrifying amatha kupanga ion ya nitrate.Imodzi mwa ntchito zazikulu za mchere wa nitrate ndi kupanga feteleza.Kuphatikiza apo, ndizothandiza ngati oxidizing muzophulika.

Kodi Nitrite ndi chiyani?

Nitrite ndi mchere wa inorganic wokhala ndi mankhwala NO2-.Anion iyi ndi symmetric anion, ndipo ili ndi atomu imodzi ya nayitrogeni yolumikizidwa ku maatomu awiri a okosijeni okhala ndi ma atomu awiri ofanana a NO covalent Chemical.Chifukwa chake, atomu ya nayitrogeni ili pakatikati pa molekyulu.Anion ali ndi -1 mtengo wonse.

Kulemera kwa molar kwa anion ndi 46.01 g / mol.Komanso, anion iyi imachokera ku nitrous acid kapena HNO2.Chifukwa chake, ndiye maziko a conjugate a nitrous acid.Chifukwa chake, titha kupanga mchere wa nitrite m'mafakitale kudzera pakudutsa utsi wa nitrous mu njira yamadzimadzi ya sodium hydroxide.Kuphatikiza apo, izi zimapanga sodium nitrite yomwe titha kuyeretsa kudzera mu recrystallization.Kuphatikiza apo, mchere wa nitrite monga sodium nitrite ndiwothandiza pakusunga chakudya chifukwa ungalepheretse chakudya ku kukula kwa tizilombo.

Kodi Kusiyana Pakati pa Nitrate ndi Nitrite Ndi Chiyani?

Nitrate ndi anion wachilengedwe wokhala ndi formula yamankhwala NO3- pomwe nitrite ndi mchere wosakhazikika wokhala ndi mankhwala NO2-.Choncho, kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa nitrate ndi nitrite kumakhala pa mankhwala a anions awiriwa.Ndiko kuti;kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa nitrate ndi nitrite ndikuti nitrate imakhala ndi maatomu atatu a okosijeni omangika ku atomu ya nayitrogeni pomwe nitrite imakhala ndi maatomu awiri a okosijeni omangika ku atomu ya nayitrogeni.Komanso, nitrate ion imachokera ku asidi yake ya conjugate;nitric acid, pamene nitrite ion imachokera ku nitrous acid.Monga kusiyana kwina kofunikira pakati pa nitrate ndi nitrite ions, tinganene kuti nitrate ndi oxidizing agent chifukwa imatha kuchepetsedwa kokha pomwe nitrite imatha kukhala ngati oxidizing ndi kuchepetsa wothandizira.