Nkhani ya momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito ma flotation molondola ndi nkhani ya momwe mungadziwire moyenera mankhwalawa musanayambe maluwa. Mankhwalawa amatanthauza mtundu wa ma reagents owonjezereka, kuchuluka kwa ma reagents, njira yowonjezera, dongosolo la chomera, etc. Ore, njira yoyenda, njira zingapo za mchere womwe umafunikira kuti apezeka, ndi zinthu zina. zokhudzana. Nthawi zambiri amatsimikizika kudzera pakuyesa kwa ores kapena semi-mafakitale. Njira yopangira mankhwala ndi chinthu chofunikira chomwe chikukhudza ukadaulo komanso zachuma za michere yam'madzi.
1. Mitundu ya mankhwala
Mitundu ya mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa flotation mbewu zimakhudzana ndi zinthu monga mtundu wa ore, njirayo imayendera, ndi mitundu ya michere ya mchere yomwe imafunikira kuti ipezeke. Nthawi zambiri zimatsimikizika kudzera pamayeso osankha kapena mayeso a semi-mafakitale a ores. Mitundu ya mankhwala opangira mankhwala amagawidwa malinga ndi ntchito zawo ndipo zimatha kugawidwa m'magulu atatu.
● Wosanja: Zinthu zolimbitsa thupi zolimbitsa thupi zimaperekedwa pamadzi ophatikizika. Ankakonda kupanga chofunda cha thovu lomwe lingayake mchere. Mafuta oyipa amapanga mafuta a paini, mafuta a cresol, mowa, ndi zina.;
● Kutolera: Ntchito yake ndi kutolera chagoli. Wogulitsa akhoza kusintha hydrophobicity wa mchere wa mchere ndikupangitsa kuyanja kwa mchere kumalikonse kutsatira thovu. Malinga ndi zomwe wothandizira wathandizira, amagawidwa m'malo osakhala ndi polar, osonkhetsa ndi osonkhetsa. Osonkhanitsa omwe anthu ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito amaphatikiza mankhwala akuda, mankhwala oyera, mafuta oyera, acinety acines, a aminel a aminet, etc.;
● Adjusters: ma ads adjstor zimaphatikizapo oyendetsa komanso zoletsa, zomwe zimasintha mawonekedwe a pansi pa tinthu tating'onoting'ono tinthu tating'onoting'ono timakhudzanso kulumikizana pakati pa michere ndi okhonda. Adjster amagwiritsidwanso ntchito kusintha mankhwala osokoneza bongo, monga kusintha mtengo wa PH ndi mkhalidwe wa osonkhanitsa. Adjustor ndi monga:
①. PHSTER: Liimula, sodium carbonate, sulufuric acid, sulufule dioxide;
②. Ogwira ntchito: mkuwa sulfate, sodium sulfide;
③. Zoletsa: laimu, mchere wachikasu wamagazi, sodium sulfide, sodium chchuate, glassium dlomate, wotupa wa molmer polymer, etc.;
④. Ena: Othandizira othandizira, othandizira oyandama, osungunuka, ndi zina zambiri.
2. Mlingo wa mankhwala
Mlingo wa zobwereketsa panthawi yobwereketsa kuyenera kukhala zolondola. Kusakwanira kapena kuchuluka kwambiri kumakhudza michere yokonzekera michere, ndipo Mlingo wochulukirapo udzawonjezera mtengo wamadzi. Chiyanjano pakati pa mlingo wa mankhwala osiyanasiyana ndi mndandanda wazolowera ndi:
①. Mlingo wosakwanira wa osonkhetsa komanso wosakwanira hydrobicity ya mcherewo umachepetsa chiwongola dzanja. Mlingo wopititsa kwambiri umachepetsa mtundu wa zokhazikika komanso kubweretsa zovuta kupatukana ndi kutulutsa mawu;
②. Mlingo wosakwanira wa thovu udzatsogolera kukhazikika kwa chiwombankhanga, ndipo mlingo wochulukira kwambiri udzayambitsa "poyenda" pazinthu;
③. Ngati mlingo wa ogwiritsa ntchito ndi ochepa kwambiri, kusatsegulira sikungakhale bwino, ndipo ngati mlingo wake ndi waukulu, udzawononga kusankhidwa kwa mawuwo;
④. Mlingo wosakwanira wa inhibitors, kalasi yotsika kwambiri, komanso mlingo wochulukirapo udzalepheretsa mchere womwe uyenera kutuluka ndikuchepetsa chiwongolero.
3. Kusintha kwa mankhwala
Kutsatsa mankhwala otsimikizika mu madzi kuti aziwonjezera. Ogulitsa ndi kusungunuka kwamadzi osauka, monga Xanthate, Amylanium, sodium carbonate, edium sulfide, enc., onse amakonzedwa muzovuta kuyambira 2% mpaka 10%. Othandizira omwe ali opanda madzi amayenera kusungunuka mu solofu woyamba, kenako ndikuwonjezera yankho, monga onyamula amine. Ena atha kuwonjezeredwa mwachindunji, monga # 2 Mafuta, # 31 ufa wakuda, etc. Zosintha zambiri m'madzi ndipo kukonzekera kwakukulu, kukonzekera kwakukulu, kukonzekera kwakukulu, kuphatikiza kwakukulu kwa zaka 10 mpaka 20%. Mwachitsanzo, sodium sulfide imakonzedwa ku 15% ikagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe sasungunuke mwamphamvu m'madzi, ma soric oundana atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuwasulira kenako ndikukonzekera njira zochepa.
Kusankha kwa njira yokonzekera mankhwala kumachitika makamaka malinga ndi katundu, kuwonjezera njira ndi ntchito za mankhwala. Mlingo ndi zotsatira za mankhwala omwewo amasiyana kwambiri chifukwa cha njira zingapo zokonzekera. Nthawi zambiri, njira zokonzekera ndi izi:
①. Konzekerani mu 2% mpaka 10% yothetsera vuto. Makina ambiri osungunuka madzi amakonzedwa motere (monga Xanthate, sulfate yamkuwa, galasi yamadzi, etc.);
②. Konzekerani ndi zosungunulira. Makina opanda madzi opanda madzi amatha kusungunuka m'matumbo apadera. Mwachitsanzo, Baiyao amakhumudwa m'madzi, koma sungunuka mu 10% mpaka 20% a anoline. Pambuyo pokonzekera yankho losakanizidwa, lingagwiritsidwe ntchito; Mwachitsanzo, mankhwala akuda, mankhwala a anilne amakhutira m'madzi, koma amatha kusungunuka mu alkaline yankho la sodium hydroxide, muyenera kuyambitsa njira ya Aniline, muyenera kukonza njira ya alduum hydroxide Njira yothetsera zakuda imawonjezeredwa ku Wothandizirayo;
③. Kupanga kuyimitsidwa kapena emulsion. Kwa mankhwala ena okhazikika omwe sasungunuka mosavuta, amatha kupanga mawonekedwe mu emulsion. Ngati zosungunukira kwa Lime m'madzi ndizochepa kwambiri, mandimu amatha kukhala pansi ndikusakanizidwa ndi madzi kuti apange midzi yamkaka (monga mkaka wa laimu), kapena kuphatikizidwa ndi mbiya yokhazikika mu mawonekedwe ufa wowuma;
④. Kusakamwa. Kwa osonkhetsa acid acid, samwapo ndi njira yofala kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, posankha hematite, sopoddid paraffin mafuta ndi mafuta a tarr amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati otola. Pofuna kupotoza mafuta a phula, pokonzekera mankhwala ogulitsa, onjezani pafupifupi 10% sodium carbonate ndikutenthetsa kuti athetse sopo yotentha;
⑤. Emulsization. Njira ya emulsization ndikugwiritsa ntchito akupanga emulsization kapena makina opanga mphamvu ya emulsization. Mwachitsanzo, itatha emulsization ya mafuta acids ndi mafuta dizilo, kubalalitsa kwawo komwe kumakhala kochepa kumatha kuchuluka ndipo zotsatira zake zitha kusintha. Kuphatikiza a emulsifiers ena amakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino. Zinthu zambiri zothandizira pamtunda zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati ma emulsifiers;
⑥. Acidication. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito chotola chimamera, chifukwa chosungunulira kwake osauka, ziyenera kuthandizidwa ndi hydrochloric acid kapena acerochl acid isanathe kusungunuka m'madzi ndikugwiritsa ntchito mawu;
⑦. Njira ya aerosol ndi njira yatsopano yomwe imathandizira mphamvu ya mankhwala. Chifukwa chake ndikugwiritsa ntchito chipangizo chopukusira chopopera chakuti mankhwalawa mu mpweya pakati ndikuwonjezera mwachindunji ku tanki ya flottation. , motero amatchedwanso "njira yowalalitsira kwa aerosol". Kugwiritsa ntchito njirayi sikungokomera kuyatsidwa kothandiza mchere wothandiza, komanso umachepetsa kuchuluka kwa mankhwala. Mwachitsanzo, wotolayo ndi 1/3 yokha yokha yokha ya 1/4 ya mlingo wamba, ndipo wogwirizira wowombera ndi 1/5 yekha;
⑧. Mankhwala a electrochem. Mu yankho, pakalipano zamankhwala zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pompopompulogalamuyo, chomwe chingasinthe mkhalidwewo, mtengo wamtengo wapatali wa njirayi ndi mtengo wa redox, potengera kuchuluka kwa mankhwala ophatikizika. Cholinga ndikuwonjezera chidwi chofuna kupanga tinthu tating'onoting'ono ndikuwongolera kuchuluka kwa osungunuka osakwanira m'madzi. Nthawi zambiri otola otola komanso omenyedwa amatha kugwidwa kwa mphindi 1-2, koma othandizira ena amafunikira nthawi yayitali, monga potaziyamu Dichromate chifukwa cholekanitsa patsogolo.
4. Malo a Dosing
Pofuna kupereka seweroli mokwanira pazomwe zimapangitsa kuti zibwereke, zomwe zimachitika pamalo owonjezerawo ndikuwonjezera oyang'anira, zotupa ndi osonkhanirana ndi a palafini (monga kerosene) kuti apange. Wotolera ndi phula amawonjezeredwa mu thanki yoyamba yosangalatsa.
Ngati ntchito yolowerera ili ndi migolo iwiri yosakaniza, yoyambitsa iyenera kuwonjezeredwa ndi mbiya yoyamba yosakaniza, ndipo osonkhanitsa ndi phula ayenera kuwonjezeredwa ndi mbiya yachiwiri kusakaniza. Kutengera gawo la wothandizirayo mu makina owonera, malo owonjezera ndi osiyananso.
Mwachitsanzo, pali mitundu itatu: sulfate yamkuwa, xanthate, ndi mafuta oledzera paini. Njira yotsatizana ya dissing ikuwonjezera sulfate pakati pa thanki yoyamba yosangalatsa, xanthate kukhala pakatikati pa thanki yachiwiri yosangalatsa, ndi paini woledzera kupita pakatikati pa thanki yachiwiri yosangalatsa. Potulukira. Pakakhala zovuta zina, zomera zimawonjezera gawo loyambirira litasintha slurry kuti musinthe slurry kukhala mtengo woyenera wa PH kuti ithandizire mavuto a osonkhetsa ndi zoletsa. Mukamawonjezera mankhwala, dziwani kuti ma iyoni ena oyipa angayambitse mankhwalawa kulephera.
Mwachitsanzo, zomwe pakati pa minofu yamkuwa ndi ma iondride hydride zimapangitsa hydride kuti alephere. Pa kupatukana kwa mkuwa, ngati majini ambiri amawoneka mu thanki yosangalatsa, osawonjezera cyyima ku thanki yosangalatsa, koma onjezani mwachindunji kuti kulekanitsidwa kuyandikira. Kusankha ntchito.
5. Njira yotsatizana
Dongosolo lalikulu la dosing chomera chiri: iyenera kukhala: iyenera kukhala: PHOSTERSTER ya SOSTRY, Oletsa kapena wogwira ntchito, yotola, yotola; Minerals yomwe imangokhala yopanda tanthauzo ndi: wogwira, otola, wothandizira.
6. Njira ya Dosing
Nthawi zambiri pamakhala mitundu iwiri ya kuphatikiza pakati ndikumwazika. Mfundo yayikulu ndi iyi: kwa othandizira mosavuta m'madzi, ovuta kuti atengedwe ndi thovu, ndipo akuvuta kutha, ndiye kuti, othandizira onse akhoza kuwonjezeredwa kamodzi asanasankhe. M'malo mwake, othandizira omwe amatengedwa mosavuta ndi chithovu ndipo amasinthidwa mosavuta polumikizana ndi matope abwino ndi kusasungunuka ayenera kuwonjezeredwa mu magawo.
Adwanter, zoletsa ndi okhometsa ena (monga palarne) amawonjezeredwa pa mphero, ndipo otola ndi otola ndi osonkhetsa amawonjezeredwa kwambiri pa mbiya yoyamba yosakaniza. Ngati pali miphika iwiri yosakanikirana mu ntchito yolowerera, ayenera kuwonjezeredwa ndi kambere wachitatu kusakaniza. Onjezani wogwira ntchito imodzi ya mbiya imodzi yosakanikirana, ndikuwonjezera otolera ndi thonje kwa mbiya yachiwiri kusakaniza (monga kugwirira ntchito kwa zinc flootation).
Post Nthawi: Aug-20-2024
