Wothandizira wogulitsa ndi wothandizira yemwe amasintha hydrophobicity wa mchere wa mchere ndikupangitsa kuyandama kwamchentyo kumamatira kwa thovu. Khalidwe lofunikira kwambiri kusankha ndi poicent. Ili ndi katundu wofunikira kwambiri:
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Xanthate ndi m'modzi mwa okhometsa ofunikira.
Katundu wa xanthate
XATHHATA NDI XATHHATE, Yemwe dzina lake la sayansi ndi Lintocarbyl Dithicarbonate. Itha kuwonedwa ngati mankhwala a Carbonate pomwe chitsulo chimodzi chimasinthidwa ndi gulu la ma hydrocarbyl ndi ma atomu awiri a oxygen amasinthidwa ndi ma atomu a sulufur. Nthawi zambiri mawonekedwe ndi R-OCCSme, monga sodium ethyl xanthate. R munjira yayikulu nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi gulu la hydrocarbon hydhocarbon hydhocarbon hydrocarbon hydrocarbon gyh2n + 1, pomwe n = 2 ~ 6, gulu la alkylaminon, ndime. ) Nthawi zambiri mafakitale amakhala Na (+). Mphamvu ya kaxantzate ndi sodium xanthate ndizofanana, koma Kaxanate ndiokhazikika kuposa sodium xanthate sakhala yolemetsa, ndipo mtengo wa sodium xanthate ndi wotsika kwambiri. Onse amasungunuka mosavuta m'madzi, mowa ndi acetone. Malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa ma atomu a karbobo mu gulu la xanthate, amatchedwa ethyl sodium xanthate, nteyl sodium xanthate, etc.
Nthawi zambiri, methyl xanthate ndi ethyl xanthate amatchedwa xint-kalasi yakale, ndipo omwe ali ndi mbyl ndi pamwamba amatchedwa xint-kalasi yapamwamba. Xanthate ndi Crystalline kapena ufa. Zosayera nthawi zambiri zimakhala zachikasu-zobiriwira kapena zofiira za lalanje ndi kachulukidwe ka 1.3 ~ 1.7 g / cm3. Ili ndi fungo labwino ndipo ndi poizoni (sing'anga). XATHYISHIANSHATAT SATLET imasungunuka mosavuta m'madzi, kusungunuka mu acetone ndi mowa, ndikusungunuka pang'ono mu ether ndi mafuta a ether. Chifukwa chake, njira yosakanikirana ya aceone yosakanikirana ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito pobweza ndikuyeretsa xanthate.
Kugwiritsa ntchito ndi kusungirako xanthate
Kuthana ndi kusankhidwa kwa xanthate michere yosiyanasiyana imakhala yogwirizana kwambiri ndi kusinthidwa kwa robilil kwa chitsulo cha xinadi yolingana. Michere wamba yachitsulo nthawi zambiri amagawika m'magulu atatu otengera zosungunuka za zitsulo ethyl xanthate mchere: (1) Chalcophilic mchere: (1) chalcophilic mchere: Zitsulo zomwe zimagwera m'gululi zimaphatikizapo Au, AG, HG, CB, CD, CD, a AG.) ndi zitsulo makoma a sulfiside za zinthu ngati izi. . Zitsulo zomwe zimagwera m'gululi zimaphatikizapo ZN, Fe, MN, Mn, ndi zina zambiri. Ngati Xanthate amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati otola, ndikosavuta kukwaniritsa kudzipatula kwa mchere wa zitsulo zomwe ndi zinthu za chalcophile ndi mchere wazitsulo zomwe ndi zinthu zina za shula. Ngakhale mankhwala otetezera a ethyl xantshate wa cobalt ndi nickel ndi ochepera 10 ^ -1 ndipo ndi ziphaso zokhala ndi mchere komanso nthawi zambiri. (3) Michere ya Lithofile Zitsulo za gawo ili ndikuphatikiza ca, mg, ba, etc. Kutengera mphamvu pamtundu wa michere yachitsulo. Chifukwa chake, xanthate sagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati otola michere ya alkali ndi alkalinel Nthawi zambiri, mankhwala osungunuka amatsulo a chitsulo ndi ochepa kuposa momwe amasinthira chitsulo cha zitsulo cha ethyl xanthate. Malinga ndi mfundo zamankhwala, ndizosatheka anion anion x (-) kuti muchite ndi mchere wa michere ya zitsulo ndikusintha s (2-). Pokhapokha ngati pansi pa mchere wa zitsulo ndi oxidid pang'ono, mas (2-) Pamwamba pa mchere wa zitsulo sulfide amasinthidwa ndi oh (-), sox (2-) ;, 2- X (-) kuti mulowetse anion ofanana ndi ma oxide oxide pamwamba pa mchere wa zitsulo sulfide. Xanthate nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati otola zitsulo zachilengedwe (monga au, ag, ag, ndi zina)) ndi mchere wa zitsulo zopindika. Pofuna kupewa hydrolysis, kuwonongeka ndi makodidwe ochulukirapo a xanthate, xanthate iyenera kusungidwa m'matumba a mlengalenga. Pewani kulumikizana ndi mpweya ndi madzi, samalani ndi chinyezi chonyowa komanso chinyezi, ndipo siziyenera kuwonekera ndi dzuwa kapena kusungidwa kwa nthawi yayitali. Iyenera kusungidwa m'malo ozizira komanso owuma komanso owuma. Njira yokonzekereratu ya xanthate sayenera kusiyidwa yayitali kwambiri, ndipo madzi otentha sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kukonza njira ya xantha. Njira yothetsera matendawa imagwiritsidwa ntchito posinthasintha, ndipo kukhazikika kwa kukonzekera kwa Xantha mwachangu kumachitika 5%.
Post Nthawi: Oct-10-2024
