"Guardian" wa Zitsulo Zamtengo Wapatali: Chifukwa Chake Dithiophosphates (Zopangira Zakuda) Zimagwiritsidwa Ntchito Kwambiri Poyatsira Mineral

Mu zomera zoyandama, ma xanthate amadziwika kwambiri ngati osonkhanitsa amphamvu omwe ali ndi luso lamphamvu losonkhanitsa. Komabe, pofuna kupititsa patsogolo kubwezeretsa golide ndi siliva kapena kulekanitsa lead ndi zinc, akatswiri odziwa bwino ntchito zachitsulo nthawi zambiri amalimbikitsa ma dithiophosphates, omwe amadziwika kuti "mankhwala akuda" chifukwa cha mawonekedwe awo amdima, nthawi zambiri okhuthala amadzimadzi. Ngakhale kuti amawoneka osadabwitsa, ma reagents awa amapereka ubwino wapadera pochiza zitsulo zamtengo wapatali ndi miyala yovuta ya sulfide.

I. Kodi Dithiophosphates (Zopangira Zakuda) N'chiyani?

Ma dithiophosphate ndi gulu la osonkhanitsa mankhwala okhudzana ndi xanthates. Ngakhale ma xanthates ndi osonkhanitsa amphamvu, osasankha omwe amakonda kuyandama ma iron sulfides (pyrite), ma dithiophosphates amasankha kwambiri. Amakhazikikanso kwambiri pa mankhwala ndipo sawola msanga.

II. Ubwino Wofunika

1. Kugwirizana Kochepa kwa Pyrite: Uwu ndi mwayi waukulu wolekanitsa lead kapena copper sulfides ndi pyrite. Xanthates amakonda kuyandama pyrite, pomwe dithiophosphates zimawonetsa mphamvu yofooka yosonkhanitsira pyrite, zomwe zimathandiza kuti pakhale kusiyana.
2. Kutha Kwambiri Kusonkhanitsa Golide ndi Siliva: Ma Dithiophosphate amapanga mgwirizano wolimba wa mankhwala ndi malo achitsulo chamtengo wapatali, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zothandiza kwambiri pobwezeretsa golide, siliva, ndi platinamu. Makampani ambiri opangira golide amawonjezera ma dithiophosphates (monga Aero 238 kapena ammonium dibutyl dithiophosphate) m'malo osungiramo zinthu kapena malo oyeretsera kuti awonjezere kubwezeretsa chitsulo chamtengo wapatali.
3. Kapangidwe ka Thovu: Ma dithiophosphate ambiri (monga Aero 238) ali ndi mphamvu yotulutsa thovu, zomwe zimachepetsa kapena kuletsa kufunikira kwa thovu lina (monga MIBC kapena mafuta a paini). Thovu lomwe limapangidwa limakhala lofooka ndipo limasweka mosavuta.

III. Mitundu Yofala

• Aero 238 (Alkyl Dithiophosphate): Mtundu wamba wamadzimadzi wokhala ndi mphamvu zosonkhanitsa komanso kutulutsa thovu. Woyenera kulekanitsa lead-zinc ndi copper-gold. Ali ndi fungo lamphamvu komanso mphamvu zowononga.
• Ammonium Dibutyl Dithiophosphate: Imapezeka ngati ufa woyera (ngakhale dzina la "wakuda"). Siiwononga, siinunkha kwambiri, siisungunuka m'madzi. Yoyenera miyala yamtengo wapatali yokhala ndi siliva komanso miyala yamtengo wapatali ya mkuwa, makamaka pamene nkhawa za chilengedwe zimayikidwa patsogolo.
• Diphenyl Dithiophosphate: Yosapezeka kawirikawiri, yokhala ndi mphamvu yosonkhanitsa kwambiri. Imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa galena yosungunuka kapena yopyapyala.

IV. Zoganizira za Ntchito

• Ngozi Yokhudzana ndi Dzimbiri: Ma dithiophosphate amadzimadzi (monga Aero 238) ndi acidic komanso owononga. Gwiritsani ntchito zinthu zosagwira asidi popereka mlingo. Ogwira ntchito ayenera kuvala PPE yoyenera.
• Pewani Kumwa Mopitirira Muyeso: Kumwa Mopitirira Muyeso kungayambitse thovu lochuluka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti maselo oyandama atuluke (“kunyamula”) atuluke m'maselo oyandama. Sinthani mlingo mosamala, makamaka pamene thovu likugwiritsidwanso ntchito.
• Kinetics Yochedwa: Dithiophosphates imagwira ntchito pang'onopang'ono kuposa xanthates ndipo nthawi zambiri imafuna nthawi yayitali kuti igwire bwino ntchito.

V. Mapeto

Mu njira zamakono zoyendetsera zinthu zoyandama, ma dithiophosphates salowa m'malo mwa ma xanthates koma ndi othandizira. Njira yodziwika bwino ndiyo kugwiritsa ntchito ma xanthates pobwezeretsa zinthu zambiri mu flotation yolimba komanso ma dithiophosphates m'magawo oyera kuti awonjezere kusankha ndikubwezeretsa zitsulo zamtengo wapatali.